Why do two objects with the same fields compare as false?

In JavaScript (and Node.js), objects are compared by reference, not by value. Even if two objects have the same fields and values, they will not be equal when compared with == or === because they are different instances in memory.

Example:

const a = { x: 1 };
const b = { x: 1 };
console.log(a === b); // false

To compare objects by content, you need to use deep comparison, for example, with libraries like lodash (_.isEqual(a, b)) or by writing your own comparison function.