How is error detection and correction performed in a program?

Finding and fixing bugs (debugging) in Java typically involves the following steps:

• Using the built-in debugger in an IDE (such as IntelliJ IDEA or Eclipse) to step through code, view variable values, and call stacks.
• Adding logging with libraries (such as Log4j or java.util.logging) to track program behavior.
• Writing and running unit tests to identify problematic areas.
• Analyzing exceptions and stack traces to determine the cause of the error.

Example of using a debugger: set a breakpoint on the suspicious line, run the program in debug mode, check variable values and execution logic.