Can a child class access private properties of the base class?

In Java, a child class cannot directly access the private properties of the superclass. Private fields are only accessible within the class where they are declared. To access such fields from a subclass, protected or public getter/setter methods are usually used. For example:

class Parent {
    private int secret = 42;

    protected int getSecret() {
        return secret;
    }
}

class Child extends Parent {
    void showSecret() {
        // System.out.println(secret); // Compilation error
        System.out.println(getSecret()); // Correct
    }
}