In which cases is inheritance justified in object-oriented programming?

Inheritance in object-oriented programming is justified when there is an "explicit" "is-a" relationship between classes. This allows creating class hierarchies where a subclass inherits properties and methods from a base class, extending or overriding them.

Examples of inheritance usage:

• When you need to reuse the code of a base class in multiple subclasses.
• To implement polymorphism, so that objects of different classes can be processed uniformly.
• When a subclass is a specialized version of a base class.

Example in Java:

class Animal {
    void sound() {
        System.out.println("Some sound");
    }
}

class Dog extends Animal {
    @Override
    void sound() {
        System.out.println("Bark");
    }
}

Here, Dog inherits from Animal and overrides the sound() method.