How does call stack cleanup occur in JVM?

The JVM call stack is automatically cleared when a method finishes execution. Each method call adds a new frame (stack frame) to the stack, containing local variables and the return address.

When the method completes (returns control), the corresponding frame is removed from the stack, freeing the memory allocated for it. Thus, the stack cleanup follows the LIFO (last in, first out) principle.

This ensures proper memory management for method calls without the need for manual intervention.