Can you explain the principle of operation of the tracing system for monitoring program execution?

Tracing system in programming is used to track the sequence of program execution, function calls, execution time, and other events. In Java, this is often implemented through profiling and debugging tools such as Java Flight Recorder or built-in JVM capabilities.

Working principle:

• During program execution, data about method calls, their execution time, thread states, etc., are collected.
• This data is recorded in a log or a special trace file.
• By analyzing this data, developers can understand how the program works, identify bottlenecks or errors.

Example: using Java Flight Recorder, you can enable event recording and then analyze which methods are called most frequently and how much time they take.