What are the main terms used when describing work with parallel execution of tasks?

When working with parallel task execution in Java and other languages, the following key terms are often used:

• Thread — a unit of execution that can run concurrently with others.
• Process — an isolated execution environment containing one or more threads.
• Synchronization — a mechanism to control access to shared resources to prevent conflicts.
• Lock — a means to ensure exclusive access to a resource.
• Race condition — a situation where the outcome depends on the order of thread execution.
• Deadlock — a situation where two or more threads wait forever for each other, blocking execution.
• Thread pool — a set of pre-created threads for reuse.
• Concurrency — the ability of a system to perform multiple tasks simultaneously.

Understanding these terms is important for the correct design and debugging of multithreaded applications.