What are the scopes of beans in Spring?

In the Spring Framework, there are several standard bean scopes:

• singleton
• prototype
• request
• session
• application
• websocket

Scope	Description
singleton	One instance of the bean per Spring context. Default.
prototype	A new bean instance is created for each request.
request	One bean instance per HTTP request.
session	One bean instance per HTTP session.
application	One bean instance per ServletContext. Used by web applications.
websocket	One bean instance per WebSocket session.

The request, session, application, and websocket scopes are relevant in a web context (e.g., when using Spring MVC).

You can specify the scope using the @Scope annotation:

// Example singleton
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Scope;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

@Component
@Scope("singleton") // Explicitly specified, though this is the default
public class SingletonBean {
    // ...
}

// Example prototype
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Scope;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

@Component
@Scope("prototype")
public class PrototypeBean {
    // ...
}