What are the default fetch types for entity relationships in Hibernate (EAGER or LAZY)?

In Hibernate, the default fetch types for entity relationships are:

• @ManyToOne and @OneToOne — by default EAGER (eager loading). This means related entities are loaded immediately along with the main entity.
• @OneToMany and @ManyToMany — by default LAZY (lazy loading). Related collections are loaded only when accessed.

This behavior can be overridden using the @FetchType.LAZY or @FetchType.EAGER annotations.

Example:

@Entity
class Order {
    @ManyToOne(fetch = FetchType.EAGER) // by default
    private Customer customer;

    @OneToMany(fetch = FetchType.LAZY) // by default
    private Set<OrderItem> items;
}