What are the advantages and disadvantages of objects that are immutable after creation?

Objects that are immutable after creation have the following advantages and disadvantages:

Advantages:

• Thread safety: immutable objects can be safely used in multithreaded environments without synchronization.
• Simplicity of understanding: the object's state does not change, which facilitates debugging and testing.
• Use as keys in collections (e.g., HashMap) without the risk of hash code modification.

Disadvantages:

• Inefficiency with frequent modifications: changing an object requires creating a new instance, which can lead to additional memory and time costs.
• Complexity when working with large data structures that require frequent updates.

Example of creating an immutable object in Java:

public final class Person {
    private final String name;
    private final int age;

    public Person(String name, int age) {
        this.name = name;
        this.age = age;
    }

    public String getName() { return name; }
    public int getAge() { return age; }
}