What are the main functions of the Controller component within the Spring Framework?

In the Spring Framework, the Controller component is responsible for handling HTTP requests from clients. The main functions of a controller include:

• Receiving and processing incoming requests (GET, POST, etc.).
• Validating and transforming request data.
• Calling business logic or services to process data.
• Forming and returning a response to the client (e.g., in HTML, JSON format).

Controllers are usually annotated with @Controller or @RestController and use annotations like @RequestMapping or specialized ones like @GetMapping, @PostMapping for request routing.