How do you resolve dependency conflicts when using spring-boot-starter-test?

Dependency conflicts when using spring-boot-starter-test often occur due to incompatible versions of libraries that are pulled transitively. To resolve them, you can:

• Explicitly specify the versions of conflicting dependencies in pom.xml or build.gradle using <dependencyManagement> or dependencyConstraints.
• Exclude unwanted transitive dependencies via <exclusions> in Maven or exclude in Gradle.
• Use the command mvn dependency:tree or gradle dependencies to analyze the dependency tree and identify conflicts.

Example of excluding a dependency in Maven:

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
    <exclusions>
        <exclusion>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
        </exclusion>
    </exclusions>
</dependency>

This way, you can control versions and exclude conflicting libraries.