Can you explain what MongoDB is and what are its main features?

MongoDB is a document-oriented NoSQL database that stores data in BSON format (extended JSON). Key features of MongoDB:

• Flexible schema: data is stored as documents, allowing easy modifications without migrations.
• Scalability: supports horizontal scaling through sharding.
• High performance: optimized for fast read and write operations.
• Built-in replication support: ensures fault tolerance and high availability.

Example of a document in MongoDB:

{
  "_id": "507f1f77bcf86cd799439011",
  "name": "Ivan Ivanov",
  "age": 30,
  "skills": ["Java", "MongoDB"]
}