What advantages do sets have over arrays in data storage?

Sets (Set) have several advantages over arrays (Array) when storing data:

• Uniqueness of elements: a set automatically guarantees that each element appears only once, whereas an array can contain duplicates.
• Fast lookup: operations to check for the presence of an element in a set are usually faster (e.g., O(1) for hash sets) than in an array (O(n)).
• Convenient set operations: intersection, union, difference are implemented more simply and efficiently.

Example in Swift:

var array = [1, 2, 2, 3]
var set: Set = [1, 2, 3]

// Check for element presence
if set.contains(2) {
    print("2 is in the set")
}

// Unique elements from array
let uniqueElements = Set(array) // {1, 2, 3}