Can you list the main principles of object-oriented programming?

Principles of Object-Oriented Programming (OOP):

1. Encapsulation — combining data and methods that operate on that data into a single object, hiding the internal implementation from the outside world.

2. Inheritance — a mechanism that allows creating new classes based on existing ones, inheriting their properties and methods.

3. Polymorphism — the ability of objects of different classes to respond to the same messages (methods) in different ways, enabling the use of a single interface for different types.

4. Abstraction — highlighting the essential characteristics of an object, hiding implementation details to simplify interaction with the object.

These principles help create flexible, extensible, and maintainable programs.