How is dependency management between components ensured in the system?

Dependency management between components in iOS systems is typically ensured by the following methods:

• Dependency Injection — passing dependencies to a component via constructor, properties, or methods. This allows easy replacement of dependencies for testing and improves modularity.

• Service Locator — a pattern where components request dependencies from a centralized object (service locator).

• Use of protocols — to abstract dependencies and ensure loose coupling.

• DI frameworks — such as Swinject, which automate dependency injection.

Example of dependency injection via constructor:

protocol NetworkService {
    func fetchData()
}

class APIService: NetworkService {
    func fetchData() {
        // Implementation
    }
}

class ViewModel {
    private let networkService: NetworkService

    init(networkService: NetworkService) {
        self.networkService = networkService
    }

    func loadData() {
        networkService.fetchData()
    }
}

let apiService = APIService()
let viewModel = ViewModel(networkService: apiService)