What types of collections are considered value types in programming languages?

In Swift, collections can be either value types or reference types. The following collections are value types:

• Array — an ordered collection of elements of the same type.
• Set — an unordered collection of unique elements.
• Dictionary — a collection of key-value pairs.

All these collections in Swift are implemented as value types, meaning that when they are assigned or passed to a function, a copy is made (copy-on-write optimization). This ensures safety and predictable behavior of collections.