Is it possible to define an enumeration in a programming language that contains both a built-in value and an associated additional value?

In Swift, you can define an enumeration (enum) that contains both a raw value and an associated value. However, in standard Swift, you cannot use raw value and associated values simultaneously in the same case. That is, if an enum has a raw value, its cases cannot have associated values.

To work around this limitation, you typically use either raw values without associated values or associated values without raw values. If you need to store both, you can implement this through computed properties or additional structures.

Example of an enum with associated values without raw value:

enum MediaType {
    case book(title: String, author: String)
    case movie(title: String, director: String)
}

Example of an enum with raw value without associated values:

enum Direction: String {
    case north = "N"
    case south = "S"
    case east = "E"
    case west = "W"
}

If you want to combine them, you can do it like this:

enum Status {
    case success(code: Int)
    case failure(message: String)

    var code: Int? {
        switch self {
        case .success(let code): return code
        case .failure: return nil
        }
    }
}

Thus, there is no direct way to have both raw value and associated value in the same enum, but you can use related values and computed properties to store additional information.