What is the difference between a regular binary tree and a B-tree in data structures?

A simple binary tree is a data structure where each node has at most two children (left and right). It is often used for searching, sorting, and representing hierarchies.

A B-tree is a balanced tree with multiple keys in each node and a larger number of children (more than two). It is optimized for working with large volumes of data on external storage devices (such as disks), minimizing the number of read/write operations.

Main differences:

• In a binary tree, each node contains one key and two children, while in a B-tree, each node contains multiple keys and many children.
• A B-tree is always balanced, which guarantees logarithmic depth.
• A B-tree efficiently uses memory and disk space, which is important for databases and file systems.

Example: In a binary tree, search is performed by one key per step, while in a B-tree, multiple keys are searched simultaneously, reducing the tree's depth.