Can you describe the different states that a Circuit Breaker can be in?

Circuit Breaker is a pattern for increasing system resilience when interacting with unreliable services. It can be in the following states:

1. Closed — all requests pass to the service. If the error count exceeds the threshold, it switches to Open.

2. Open — requests are blocked immediately to avoid overloading the service. After some time, it transitions to Half-Open.

3. Half-Open — a trial mode: a limited number of requests are allowed to check if the service has recovered. If the requests are successful, it switches to Closed; otherwise, it goes back to Open.

This mechanism helps prevent cascading failures and quickly reacts to problems with external services.