How does a browser display a web page after receiving data from the server?

After receiving data from the server, the browser performs the following steps to display the web page:

1. Parsing HTML — the browser reads the HTML document and constructs the DOM tree.
2. Parsing CSS — it loads and processes styles, creating the CSSOM (CSS Object Model).
3. Building the render tree — combines the DOM and CSSOM to determine how elements will be displayed.
4. Calculating layout — determines the size and position of elements on the page.
5. Painting — the browser draws pixels on the screen according to the calculated layout.

If there are scripts in the HTML, the browser may pause parsing to execute them, which affects the rendering process.