What is a goroutine?

A goroutine is a lightweight thread of execution in Go, managed by the language's runtime. It allows functions to run concurrently with minimal overhead, much lighter than system threads.

Goroutines are created using the go keyword before a function call:

 go func() {
    fmt.Println("Hello from goroutine")
}()

The Go runtime schedules goroutines onto system threads automatically, ensuring efficient resource use and simplicity in concurrent programming.