What frequency and in what cases is automatic memory cleanup performed in the system?

In Go, the variable storage area is determined at several stages of the program's lifecycle:

1. Compilation:

   • The compiler analyzes the code and determines where and how variables will be stored: in the stack, heap, or static memory.
   • Local variables are usually placed on the function's stack.
   • If a variable is captured by a closure or its address is passed outside the function, the compiler may "lift" it to the heap (escape analysis).

2. Runtime:

   • When a function is called, space is allocated on the stack for local variables.
   • Variables stored on the heap are allocated dynamically.

3. Initialization:

   • Variables are initialized with default or specified values.

Thus, the determination of variable storage occurs at compile time (through code analysis and escape analysis) and is implemented at runtime through stack or heap memory allocation.