What components are present on master and worker nodes in Kubernetes?

In Kubernetes, components are divided between master (control plane) and worker nodes.

On master nodes:

• kube-apiserver — the main API server that accepts and processes REST requests.
• etcd — a distributed storage for cluster configuration and state.
• kube-scheduler — responsible for assigning pods to worker nodes.
• kube-controller-manager — runs controllers that ensure the desired state of the cluster.
• cloud-controller-manager (if cloud is used) — integration with cloud services.

On worker nodes:

• kubelet — an agent that runs and monitors pods on the node.
• kube-proxy — provides network access and load balancing.
• Container runtime (e.g., containerd, Docker) — runs containers.

Thus, master nodes manage the cluster state, while worker nodes run containers and provide network interaction.