What are the main patterns used in designing microservices architecture?

The main patterns of microservice architecture include:

• API Gateway — a single entry point for all clients that routes requests to the appropriate microservices.
• Service Discovery — a mechanism for automatically discovering the addresses of microservices.
• Circuit Breaker — protection against cascading failures, interrupting calls to non-operational services.
• Event-Driven Architecture — exchange of events between services for asynchronous communication.
• Database per Service — each microservice has its own database for data independence.

Example: The API Gateway receives a request, determines the required service, checks its availability via the Circuit Breaker, and forwards the request, ensuring fault tolerance and scalability.