What is the difference between a process and a thread?

A process is an instance of a running program with its own address space, resources, and threads of execution.

A thread is a unit of execution within a process that shares memory and resources with other threads of the same process but has its own stack and registers.

Main differences:

• Processes are isolated from each other, threads are not.
• Creating and switching between threads is usually faster than between processes.
• Threads are convenient for parallel execution of tasks within a single application.

In Go, instead of threads, goroutines are used — lightweight threads managed by the Go runtime.