What are the differences between HTTP and HTTPS?

HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol) and HTTPS (Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure) are application layer protocols for transmitting hypertext. The key difference is security.

• HTTP transmits data in plain text.
• HTTPS uses encryption (SSL/TLS) to protect data during transmission. This ensures confidentiality, data integrity, and server authentication.

Main differences:

Feature	HTTP	HTTPS
Security	No encryption	Encryption (SSL/TLS)
Default port	80	443
Certificate	Not required	SSL/TLS certificate required
Data integrity	Not guaranteed	Guaranteed (change detection)
Authentication	No	Server authentication
Performance	Slightly faster (no encryption)	Slightly slower (due to encryption)

HTTPS is the recommended standard for all websites, especially those handling confidential information.