What is a HOC (Higher Order Component)? What programming patterns are used in React?

HOC (Higher Order Component) in React is a function that takes a component and returns a new component with extended or modified behavior. It is a way to reuse logic between components.

Example of HOC:

function withLogger(WrappedComponent) {
  return function(props) {
    console.log('Rendering component', WrappedComponent.name);
    return <WrappedComponent {...props} />;
  };
}

Main programming patterns in React:

• Higher-Order Components (HOC) — for reusing logic.
• Render Props — passing a function to control what is rendered.
• Containers and Presentational Components — separating logic and display.
• Hooks — using functions to manage state and side effects.
• Component Composition — building complex interfaces from simple ones.

These patterns help create flexible, scalable, and maintainable applications.