What are the advantages and disadvantages of TypeScript compared to JavaScript?

Advantages of TypeScript compared to JavaScript:

• Static typing allows errors to be detected at compile time, increasing code reliability.
• Improved IDE support: autocompletion, refactoring, and code navigation.
• Ability to use modern language features and OOP patterns.
• Easier maintenance of large projects due to strict typing.

Disadvantages:

• Requires an additional compilation step, which increases build time.
• Steep learning curve for developers unfamiliar with types.
• Sometimes additional types and interfaces need to be written, increasing code volume.

Example of using TypeScript:

function sum(a: number, b: number): number {
  return a + b;
}

const result = sum(5, 10);
console.log(result); // 15

In this example, parameter and return types help avoid errors when calling the function.