What consequences does the file system face if it runs out of available inodes?

If the available inodes in the filesystem run out, it will be impossible to create new files or directories despite having free disk space. This occurs because each file or directory requires an inode allocation — a structure containing metadata (size, permissions, data pointers, etc.).

Consequences:

• Inability to create new files and folders.
• Errors when attempting to write new data.
• Possible crashes or incorrect operation of applications trying to create files.