Do you have experience deploying applications without using container technologies?

Yes, deployment of applications without container technologies is still encountered, especially in traditional or small projects. For example, an application can be deployed on a virtual machine or physical server, manually installing all dependencies or using package management systems.

Main approaches:

• Installing and configuring the environment directly on the server (Python, databases, web servers).
• Using virtual environments (venv, virtualenv) to isolate dependencies.
• Automating with scripts or configuration tools (Ansible, Puppet).

Example of simple deployment of a Python application:

1. Install Python and necessary libraries via pip.
2. Set up a virtual environment:

python3 -m venv env
source env/bin/activate
pip install -r requirements.txt

3. Run the application (for example, via gunicorn or directly).

Although containers simplify portability and scaling, traditional methods are still relevant and applicable.