What is the relationship between Docker and Kubernetes, and how do they work together when deploying applications?

Docker is a platform for building, delivering, and running applications in containers. Containers allow packaging an application with its dependencies into an isolated environment, ensuring portability and consistency.

Kubernetes is a container orchestration system that manages deployment, scaling, and maintenance of containerized applications across a cluster of servers.

Together, they work as follows: Docker creates and runs application containers, while Kubernetes manages these containers across multiple hosts, providing automatic scaling, load balancing, zero-downtime updates, and self-healing.

Example: you package a web application into a Docker container, then use Kubernetes to deploy multiple instances of this container to ensure fault tolerance and scalability.