What does security guarantee mean in case of exceptions in code?

Exception safety guarantees that when an exception is thrown, the program remains in a correct and predictable state, without resource leaks or data corruption.

There are several levels of safety:

• No guarantee: The program's state may be unpredictable.
• Basic guarantee: The program remains in a correct state, but the state of objects may change.
• Strong guarantee: The operation either completes successfully or has no effect (atomicity).
• No-throw guarantee: The operation is guaranteed not to throw exceptions.

For example, when working with dynamic memory, it is important that no memory leaks occur and objects remain in a valid state if an exception arises.