How can you create an extension or inherit functionality of the std::vector container in C++?

A cyclic data processing mechanism (for example, a cyclic iterator) allows endlessly traversing a data set, repeating elements in a loop. This is useful when continuous iteration over elements is needed without stopping.

A sequential traversal structure (like a regular iterator or list) provides a one-time pass through the elements, from start to end, after which iteration stops.

Example in Python:

from itertools import cycle

items = [1, 2, 3]

# Sequential traversal
for item in items:
    print(item)  # 1, 2, 3

# Cyclic traversal
cycler = cycle(items)
for _ in range(6):
    print(next(cycler))  # 1, 2, 3, 1, 2, 3

The main difference is that the cyclic mechanism repeats elements infinitely, while the sequential one does it once.