How do you determine the error type when interacting with an external API?

Errors when interacting with an external API are usually determined by the HTTP response code and the response content:

• 4xx — client errors (e.g., 400 Bad Request, 401 Unauthorized), indicating that the request was formed incorrectly or access is denied.
• 5xx — server errors (e.g., 500 Internal Server Error), indicating problems on the API side.
• Timeouts and network errors — occur due to connection issues.

For precise identification, you can log the response body and headers, and also use exception handling in your code. For example, upon receiving 429 Too Many Requests, a retry with a delay should be implemented.