What is XSD?

XSD (XML Schema Definition) is a language for describing the structure and constraints of XML documents. With XSD, you can define which elements and attributes are permissible in XML, their data types, order, and the number of repetitions. This allows for validating XML files by checking their compliance with a specified schema.

An example of a simple XSD describing an <person> element with a mandatory name and age:

<xs:schema xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema">
  <xs:element name="person">
    <xs:complexType>
      <xs:sequence>
        <xs:element name="name" type="xs:string"/>
        <xs:element name="age" type="xs:int"/>
      </xs:sequence>
    </xs:complexType>
  </xs:element>
</xs:schema>