Have you heard of white-box testing?

Yes, I am familiar with White-Box Testing.

This is a software testing method that involves having full access to the internal workings of the system, including source code, architecture, and design. The tester conducting White-Box testing focuses not only on the user interface and external behavior but also on verifying internal logic, data structures, operators, branches, and loops.

Main techniques of White-Box testing:

• Statement Coverage: The goal is to execute each statement in the code at least once.
• Branch/Decision Coverage: The goal is to test both true and false branches of all conditions (if, while, case).
• Path Coverage: The goal is to test all possible independent execution paths through the code. This is the most thorough but also the most complex technique.
• Condition Coverage: The goal is to verify that each individual condition in a logical expression takes both true and false values.

Advantages of White-Box Testing:

• Deep understanding of the internal workings of the system.
• Detection of "dead" code and hidden errors.
• Helps optimize code and improve its structure.
• More effective module-level (Unit Testing) testing.

Disadvantages of White-Box Testing:

• Requires programming knowledge.
• Takes a lot of time and resources, especially for large systems.
• Does not guarantee the detection of all errors related to integration or user requirements.

White-Box Testing is an important complement to Black-Box Testing and is often conducted by developers as part of unit or integration testing.