Tell about dynamic testing.

Dynamic testing is a method in which software execution is performed to identify errors and defects under real operating conditions. It involves interaction with the application, executing its functions, and verifying the expected behavior.

Main characteristics:

• Code execution: Testing requires running and executing the program.
• Defect detection: The goal is to find errors during the application's execution.
• Various levels: Conducted at different levels: component, integration, system, acceptance.
• Based on execution: Unlike static testing, it does not analyze code without running it.

Types of dynamic testing:

• Functional testing: Checking compliance with functional requirements.
• Non-functional testing: Checking performance, reliability, security, usability, etc.

Examples of techniques:

• Black-box testing: Based on requirements and user scenarios, without considering internal code structure.
• White-box testing: Based on analysis of internal structure and logic of the code.
• Gray-box testing: A combination of black and white box testing, using partial knowledge of internal structure.

Advantages:

• Finds defects under real conditions: Mimics user behavior.
• Highly effective for functional errors: Good at detecting logical errors.

Disadvantages:

• Requires time and resources: Need to install and run the application.
• Does not guarantee complete coverage: May not detect all possible execution paths.

Example of a test scenario for dynamic testing (black-box):

• Object of testing: Login function.
• Steps:
  1. Open the login page.
  2. Enter valid username and password.
  3. Click the "Login" button.
• Expected result: User successfully logs in and is redirected to the homepage.