What do you use for backend testing?

The following tools and approaches are typically used for backend testing:

• Postman or Insomnia — for manual API testing.
• REST-assured (Java), Requests (Python) — for automating REST API tests.
• JUnit/TestNG — for writing integration tests.
• Mock services and stubs — for isolating tested components.
• Using CI/CD to run tests automatically.

Example of a simple test using REST-assured:

import io.restassured.RestAssured;
import static io.restassured.RestAssured.*;
import static org.hamcrest.Matchers.*;

public class ApiTest {
    public void testGetUser() {
        RestAssured.baseURI = "https://api.example.com";
        given()
            .when().get("/users/1")
            .then().statusCode(200)
            .body("id", equalTo(1));
    }
}