What types of testing would you apply to a web application?

Functional testing:

• User interface (UI) testing.
• Business logic testing.
• API testing.
• Form and data validation testing.

Non-functional testing:

• Performance testing (load, stress testing).
• Security testing (vulnerability scanning, penetration testing).
• Usability testing.
• Compatibility testing (browsers, devices, operating systems).
• Accessibility testing.

Regression testing:

• Smoke testing.
• Regression testing.

Automated testing:

• Automation of functional tests (e.g., using Selenium, Cypress, Playwright).
• API testing automation (e.g., using Rest Assured, Postman collections).
• Performance testing automation (e.g., using JMeter, LoadRunner).

Example code for UI test automation (Python + Selenium):

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By

# Initialize driver
driver = webdriver.Chrome()
driver.get("https://example.com")

try:
    # Find element by ID
    element = driver.find_element(By.ID, "some_element_id")
    print("Element found")

    # Example interaction with element (click)
    # element.click()

except Exception as e:
    print(f"Error finding element: {e}")

finally:
    # Close browser
    driver.quit()

Comparison table of testing types:

Test Type	Purpose	When applied
Functional	Verify compliance with requirements	At all stages (except early design phases)
Performance	Assess operation under load	Before release, during architecture changes
Security	Find vulnerabilities	At all stages, especially before release
Compatibility	Check operation across environments	Final stages, when requirements change
Regression	Ensure no new defects introduced	After each code change