What design patterns do you know besides Page Object?

In addition to the Page Object pattern, the following design patterns are widely used in test automation:

• Singleton — for creating a single instance of the browser driver or configuration manager.
• Factory — for creating test data objects or pages depending on conditions.
• Builder — for convenient and flexible creation of complex objects, such as requests or test data.
• Decorator — for dynamically adding functionality to objects, such as logging actions in tests.
• Observer — for implementing events and subscriptions, such as tracking changes in test state.
• Strategy — for selecting an algorithm or behavior during execution, such as different ways of finding elements.

These patterns help make test code more maintainable, extendable, and readable.