Can you list the main patterns used in creating automated tests?

Main patterns used in creating automated tests:

• Page Object — separation of test logic and UI interactions, where each screen or page is represented by a separate class with methods for interaction.
• Test Data Builder — creating objects with test data through special builders for convenience and readability.
• Factory — a pattern for creating test objects with different configurations.
• Fluent Interface — chaining method calls for more readable and expressive test code.
• Singleton — for creating a single instance, such as a browser driver.
• Command — encapsulating user actions into command objects.

Example of the Page Object pattern in Java:

public class LoginPage {
    private WebDriver driver;

    public LoginPage(WebDriver driver) {
        this.driver = driver;
    }

    public void enterUsername(String username) {
        driver.findElement(By.id("username")).sendKeys(username);
    }

    public void enterPassword(String password) {
        driver.findElement(By.id("password")).sendKeys(password);
    }

    public void clickLogin() {
        driver.findElement(By.id("loginButton")).click();
    }
}