Can you explain the concept of polymorphism in object-oriented programming?

Polymorphism is one of the key concepts of object-oriented programming that allows objects of different classes to respond to the same messages (method calls) in different ways.

In simpler terms, polymorphism enables the use of a single interface to work with different types of objects, with each object implementing behavior in its own way.

For example, you have a base class Animal with a method MakeSound(). Derived classes Dog and Cat override this method to make different sounds. When calling MakeSound() through a reference to the base class, the method of the specific object will be invoked.

This simplifies the code and increases its flexibility, as there is no need to write separate logic for each type — it is enough to work with the base interface.