Is it possible to create automated tests without using special testing frameworks?

Yes, it is possible to create automated tests without using special testing frameworks. For example, you can write scripts that:

• Run functions or modules with specific input data.
• Check the results using conditional operators (if) and comparison of expected and actual values.
• Output reports or logs about the test results.

A simple example of a test without a framework:

def add(a, b):
    return a + b

result = add(2, 3)
if result == 5:
    print("Test passed")
else:
    print("Test failed")

However, using testing frameworks (such as unittest, pytest) simplifies writing, organizing, and running tests, and also provides additional features.