How to perform an equivalent partitioning without using boundary values?

Equivalence partitioning without boundary values focuses on dividing input data into classes, where all values within a class are expected to be processed similarly by the system.

Methodology:

1. Identify input data: Determine all input parameters and their possible values.
2. Divide into classes: Based on business logic, requirements, and domain knowledge, group these values. Values within each group should trigger the same system behavior.
3. Select representatives: Choose one or more representative values from each class for testing. It is not necessary to select values close to boundaries; the main goal is to represent the class.

Example: "Age" field. Requirement: Users over 18 years old can register. Equivalence classes:

• Users allowed to register (e.g., 19, 30, 65).
• Users denied registration (e.g., 5, 12, 17).

Test data (selected representatives): 30, 12.

This method is more general and can be used even when exact boundary values are not obvious or defined. It helps reduce the number of test cases while covering various scenarios.