What metrics or parameters do you use to evaluate testing effectiveness?

The following metrics are usually used to assess testing effectiveness:

• Test coverage — the percentage of code that has been tested. Helps to understand how thoroughly the functionality has been tested.
• Number of defects found — the count of bugs identified during testing, especially at different stages of development.
• Percentage of defects fixed — how many of the found bugs have been resolved.
• Testing time — the amount of time spent on executing tests, which helps evaluate the process efficiency.
• Test automation percentage — the proportion of tests performed automatically, affecting speed and repeatability.
• Defect density — the number of defects per unit of code or functionality.
• Regression percentage — the number of bugs that appeared after changes, indicating the quality of testing during modifications.

These metrics help understand how complete and effective the testing is, as well as identify bottlenecks in the process.