What is a traceability matrix?

Traceability matrix is a document that links project requirements with corresponding development, testing, and documentation artifacts.

Main objectives:

• Verify test coverage of requirements.
• Identify missing or redundant tests.
• Ensure product compliance with requirements.
• Manage changes (assess the impact of requirement changes on other artifacts).
• Facilitate audit and control.

Typical structure of a traceability matrix:

Requirement (ID, Description)	Test scenario (ID, Description)	Test status	Link to defect (if any)	Corresponding document (e.g., specification)

Types of matrices:

• Forward traceability: Tracks requirements to test scenarios (from "what we require" to "how we test").
• Backward traceability: Tracks test scenarios to requirements (from "what we test" to "which requirement is covered").
• Bidirectional traceability: Combines forward and backward traceability.

The matrix can be implemented in various tools: spreadsheets, requirements/test management systems (e.g., Jira + plugins, Azure DevOps, TestRail).