What software development methodologies do you know?

• Agile: An iterative and incremental approach focusing on rapid delivery of a working product. Main frameworks include Scrum, Kanban, XP.
  • Scrum: A cyclic process with fixed time intervals (sprints), roles (Scrum Master, Product Owner, Development Team), and artifacts (Product Backlog, Sprint Backlog, Increment).
  • Kanban: A workflow management method visualizing processes and limiting WIP (work in progress). Key principles: visualization, WIP limits, flow management, explicit policies, feedback, continuous improvement.
  • XP (Extreme Programming): A methodology aimed at improving software quality and responsiveness to changing customer requirements. Includes practices like pair programming, TDD, continuous integration.
• Waterfall: A sequential approach where each development phase (requirements analysis, design, implementation, testing, deployment, maintenance) is performed strictly after the previous one. Rigid to changes.
• V-Model: An extension of Waterfall where corresponding testing phases are created for each development stage. Parallel activities for specification and documentation.
• Spiral Model: An iterative approach combining elements of Waterfall and iterative models. Special attention is paid to risk management at each iteration.
• RAD (Rapid Application Development): An iterative methodology emphasizing quick development and prototyping with minimal planning.
• Lean: Principles focused on minimizing waste, maximizing value for the customer, and accelerating the value creation flow.

Agile methodologies (Scrum, Kanban) are most commonly used in QA due to their flexibility, frequent releases, and active QA involvement throughout all development stages.