What is JSON?

JSON (JavaScript Object Notation) is a lightweight data interchange format that is easy for humans to read and write, and easy for machines to parse and generate. It is based on a subset of the JavaScript programming language, but is language-independent.

Main features:

• Hierarchical structure: Data is represented as key-value pairs and ordered lists.
• Text format: Data is represented as plain text, making it suitable for transmission over networks.
• Language independence: JSON can be used with any programming language.

Data types in JSON:

• Object: An unordered set of key-value pairs. Keys are strings, values can be any JSON data type. Denoted by curly braces {}.
• Array: An ordered collection of values. Values can be of any JSON data type. Denoted by square brackets [].
• String: A sequence of characters enclosed in double quotes.
• Number: An integer or floating-point number.
• Boolean: true or false.
• Null: A value representing the absence of a value.

Example of a JSON structure:

// Example of a JSON object
{
  "name": "John Doe",
  "age": 30,
  "isStudent": false,
  "courses": [
    "Math",
    "Physics"
  ],
  "address": {
    "street": "123 Main St",
    "city": "Anytown"
  },
  "additional_info": null
}

Usage in QA:

• Data transfer in API requests and responses.
• Configuration files.
• Logging.
• Test data.