What is the Test-Driven Development (TDD) method?

TDD is an agile development methodology based on short iterations of "test first, then code." The TDD cycle consists of three steps:

1. Red: Writing a failing test for new functionality.
2. Green: Writing the minimal amount of code to pass the test.
3. Refactor: Refactoring the written code while keeping the tests green.

Advantages of TDD:

• Better understanding of requirements before coding.
• Creating well-structured, loosely coupled, and easily refactorable code.
• Reducing the number of errors early in development.
• Having a set of automated regression tests.
• Accelerating the feedback cycle.

Disadvantages of TDD:

• Requires additional time to write tests.
• Can be difficult to apply to complex systems or legacy code.
• Requires discipline and understanding of design principles.